after entering the autumn, the villain of the flu virus has begun to be active again, and people are worried that the new crown epidemic has not yet subsided.
if you are not careful, it is easy to catch a cold, the common cold fever is relatively small, the fever of the flu is usually menacing, as long as the child has a cold and fever, he will go to three hospitals to do nucleic acid testing, queue up – take the number – wait for the doctor – take medicine, everything is grinding.
today raindrop doctor on how to get the 21-year flu vaccine? make a detailed explanation, i hope that everyone will quickly spread it to more parents.
1. how to avoid the probability of onset as much as possible?
after reading the article immediately vaccinated against influenza, the vaccine takes 2-4 weeks to have protective antibodies produced, in order to achieve the best protective effect, complete the whole family vaccination before the end of october.
2. is the flu more serious than the common cold? what’s the difference?
of course, the flu is more serious than the common cold.
influenza is more contagious: october to march of the following year is an influenza epidemic, during which the prevalence of children is about 20-30%
as long as there are people in school or around the disease, the probability of recruitment is also high, such as the incidence of influenza in the flu season of young children can be as high as 30% to 50%.
so as a medical worker, every year i take the initiative to get the flu vaccine, just because i have been facing children in the outpatient clinic for a long time, which is a good way to protect myself and others.
more severe: many of the flu begin to have a high fever at the beginning, usually lasting for several days, and the older children have more obvious muscle soreness and discomfort than the common cold. moreover, the complications are more severe, and pneumonia, myocarditis, encephalitis and so on may occur. globally, there are 300-500 severe cases of influenza every year, and about 300,000-650,000 people die from severe influenza.
3. why is the flu vaccine without injections so hot?
hahaha, because there is no need for injections, the child’s acceptance is high.
the onset of action is fast, and antibodies can be produced on the nasal mucosa within 3 days after vaccination.
the prevention effect is good, the protection rate is no less than that of injections, and the nasal spray live attenuated influenza vaccine not only has the humoral immunity induced by the influenza vaccine, but also produces inactivated influenza vaccine can not stimulate cellular immunity, and the nasal cavity directly produces mucosal immunity, establishing the first barrier for human influenza prevention.
but not everyone can be vaccinated, only for children aged 3 to 17 years old, other ages obediently inject it.
4. is the influenza vaccine vaccinated every year?
yes, it is mainly decided in two aspects.
on the one hand, influenza viruses are cunning, mutating every year, and the strains circulating each year are often different from before.
TO PROTECT HEALTH, THE VACCINE INGREDIENTS ARE ADJUSTED EVERY YEAR, SUCH AS TWO INFLUENZA A STRAINS (H1N1 AND H3N2) ARE UPDATED, SO IT IS NECESSARY TO VACCINATE AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.
on the other hand, the vaccine protects antibodies for about 6-8 months.
5. can pregnant women and lactation be vaccinated against influenza?
very much recommended.
influenza vaccine is an inactivated vaccine, pregnant women can effectively infect the flu, can be safely vaccinated.
a number of foreign studies have suggested that influenza vaccination during pregnancy can not only protect pregnant women, reduce the risk of influenza, fever during pregnancy, preeclampsia, and placental rupture, but also protect babies under 6 months of age through fetal antibodies.
however, due to the fact that some of the influenza vaccine instructions in china say “pregnant women are banned”, the instructions can be used as a legal basis, in order to avoid risks, some units refuse to vaccinate pregnant women, so please choose the pregnant mother who wants to vaccinate the flu vaccine variety that does not write “pregnant women are banned” in the instructions.
6. what kinds of influenza vaccines are available in mainland china?
at present, there are three kinds of influenza vaccines approved for marketing in china:
TRIVALENT INACTIVATED INFLUENZA VACCINE (IIV3)
QUADRIVALENT INACTIVATED INFLUENZA VACCINE (IIV4)
TRIVALENT NASAL SPRAY LIVE ATTENUATED INFLUENZA VACCINE (LAIV3)
quadrivalent and trivalent, domestic and imported branded influenza inactivated vaccines have no difference in safety and can be arbitrarily selected.
7. can you recommend it?
Children aged 6 to 35 months are given trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (0.25mL dosage form), there is no essential difference between domestic and foreign brands, and any one can be vaccinated.
Children and adults over the age of 3 can be vaccinated with trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (0.5 mL dosage form) or quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (0.5 mL dosage form), although quadrivalent can prevent one more virus type than trivalent, but it is more important to get vaccinated at the peak of influenza, see what is vaccinated at the nearby vaccination point.
Children aged 3 to 17 years may choose to receive a trivalent nasal spray live attenuated influenza vaccine (0.2 mL dosage form).
8. is the flu vaccine self-funded?
at present, the influenza vaccine in most areas of china belongs to the second type of non-immunization program vaccine self-funded vaccination, which can consult the local vaccination department, like xiamen can be included in the medical insurance personal account settlement.
9. can i get vaccinated during lactation?
babies less than 6 months old can not be vaccinated, at this time the baby’s immunity is weak, if the mother or guardian is infected with influenza, it may bring immeasurable harm, so vaccination is more recommended. in addition, the elderly, people with underlying medical conditions, and medical workers are strongly recommended to give priority to vaccination.
10. can people with egg allergies get the flu vaccine?
MANY CHILDREN’S EGG ALLERGY IS ONLY TEMPORARY, EVEN IF THERE IS AN ALLERGIC REACTION SUCH AS BLUSHING, IT IS POSSIBLE TO GET THE FLU VACCINE, AND THE PHARMACOPOEIA OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA (2015 EDITION AND 2020 EDITION) DOES NOT MAKE PEOPLE WHO ARE ALLERGIC TO EGGS AS A CONTRAINDICATION TO INFLUENZA VACCINE VACCINATION. FOREIGN STUDIES HAVE FOUND THAT PEOPLE WITH EGG ALLERGIES HAVE NOT YET BEEN FOUND TO HAVE SEVERE ALLERGIC REACTIONS. ACIP IN THE UNITED STATES HAS RECOMMENDED VACCINATION FOR PEOPLE WITH EGG ALLERGIES SINCE 2016.
however, due to the fact that some vaccine manufacturers list egg allergy as a contraindication to vaccine indications, it is understandable that some vaccination units choose not to vaccinate in order to avoid risks.
11. can i get it with the covid-19 vaccine?
no, the two need to be spaced 14 days apart.
12. how many injections do i need to be vaccinated for different ages?
children who have had ≥ 2 doses of influenza vaccine only need 1 dose.
children 9 years of age and older and adults should be given as long as 1 dose.
children aged 6 months to 8 years who receive influenza vaccine for the first time or have received < 2 doses should be given 2 doses at intervals of ≥ 4 weeks.
13. under what circumstances is influenza vaccination recommended?
babies under 6 months of age; those who are allergic to any other components of the vaccine (including excipients, formaldehyde, lysates, and antibiotics); those with fever or acute illness are cured before vaccinating; and guillain-barré syndrome occurs within 6 weeks of the last influenza vaccine, which is not contraindicated, but should be given special attention.
14. what are the side effects of vaccination?
the common side effects of influenza vaccine are mainly manifested as redness, swelling, induration, pain, etc. at the vaccination site, fever, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue and nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other symptoms, which are usually mild, usually disappear on their own within a few days, and rarely have severe reactions.
local redness, swelling, heat and pain can be cold within 24 hours, and hot compresses can be applied after 24 hours; children’s fever is more common within 24 hours after vaccination, the fever time is generally not more than 48 hours, and when the fever mental symptoms are good, they can be observed at home, and the principle of how the baby is comfortable and how to come is mastered. children can physically cool down, reduce clothing, and drink more soup when they are willing to accept it. the body temperature > 38.5 °c, and paracetamol or merlin can be used.
it should be noted that fever that usually occurs only a few days after vaccination, or accompanied by other symptoms such as cough and high fever, is generally not caused by vaccines, so please consult a doctor in time.
15. can the flu vaccine be given at the same time as other vaccines?
influenza vaccine trivalent and quadrivalent vaccines are inactivated vaccines, which can be vaccinated with other inactivated or attenuated vaccines, such as pneumococcal vaccine, pentathic vaccine, measles vaccine, and dtp vaccine.
it is recommended that the elderly over 65 years old be vaccinated with both pneumonia vaccine and influenza vaccine, the immunity of the elderly is not as good as that of young adults, and it is good to have more protection.
after receiving nasal live attenuated influenza vaccine, other live attenuated vaccines must be given at intervals of more than 28 days.
